In the years following its independence, the Cuban Republic experienced significant economic development, but also political corruption and a series of despotic leaders, culminating in the overthrow of dictator Fulgencio Batista by the July 26 Movement under Fidel Castro during the Cuban Revolution of 1953-1959. [4] The new government allied with the Soviet Union and embraced communism. [a] In the early 1960s, the Castro regime resisted the invasion (April 1961), faced nuclear Armageddon (October 1962)[b] and experienced a civil war (October 1960) that included Dominican support for opponents of the regime. [c] After the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia (1968), Castro publicly declared his support. His speech marked the beginning of Cuba`s full integration into the Eastern bloc. [9] During the Cold War, Cuba also supported Soviet policies in Afghanistan, Poland, Angola, Ethiopia, Nicaragua, and El Salvador. [10] The Cuban intervention in Angola helped Namibia gain independence from apartheid-ruled South Africa in 1990. [11] Although most of the fighting took place in Cuba, the first major battle did not take place there. It was fought on the other side of the world in the port of Manila. Manila is located in the Philippines, which was then ruled by Spain.

The American fleet, led by Commodore George Dewey, defeated the Spanish fleet. By the late 1800s, Spain had lost all of its New World colonies except Cuba and Puerto Rico. Many Cubans did not want to be under Spanish rule and fled to Florida and other parts of the United States. At the same time, however, they remained loyal to Cuba. Jose Marti, a Cuban writer living in New York, came to Tampa to recruit supporters to help Cuba fight for independence from Spain. José Martí was the leader of the revolution, but he was killed when he returned to Cuba to fight. Tomas Estrada Palma became the new leader and later the president of Cuba. The United States is watching with interest as Cuba fights for independence. The United States has invested millions of dollars in companies in Cuba, and many American citizens live there. The United States has also traded goods with Cuba. Velázquez with the conquest of Cuba under the title Adelantado (governor) and with Hernán Cortés Velázquez went to Cuba in 1511. Over the next four years, he founded the colonies of Baracoa, Bayamo, Santiago de Cuba and Havana (Havana).

After the completion of his conquests around 1514, he encouraged…n 1. Mars Castro declares Cuba a communist state and allies with the USSR. Castro claims to be a socialist. In 1902, the United States handed control over to a Cuban government. As a condition of surrender, the Cuban State had included in its constitution provisions that implemented the requirements of the Platt Amendment, which, among other things, granted the United States the right to intervene militarily in Cuba. Havana and Varadero quickly became popular tourist spots. Although some efforts were made to reduce ethnic tensions in Cuba through government policies, racism and informal discrimination against blacks and mestizos remained widespread during this period. [110] The Cubans were forced to accept the challenge and fight on the terrain chosen by the South Africans, while taking steps to strike the enemy in a different direction. 13.

In January of the same year, there was a South African offensive on Cuito Cuanavale and another major attack on 14 February, in which 150 armoured vehicles were used. The second attack was thwarted by a small group of tanks. On February 25, March 1 and March 23, the last three attacks took place, which were repulsed with heavy losses for the enemy. Thousands of mines were laid, destroying many South African tanks. The enemy offensive was crushed by Angolan and Cuban forces. [199] The naval base remains in U.S. hands, and the U.S. continues to pay annual rent, although Cuba apparently does not cash checks. After the Ten Years` War, the possession of weapons by private individuals was banned in Cuba.

Thus, one of the most serious and persistent problems for the rebels was the lack of appropriate weapons. This lack of weapons forced them to use guerrilla tactics, using the environment, the element of surprise, fast horses and simple weapons such as machetes. Most of their firearms were acquired during raids on the Spanish. Between June 11, 1895 and November 30, 1897, 60 attempts were made to bring weapons and supplies to rebels from outside Cuba, but only one succeeded, mainly due to British maritime protection. 28 of these supply attempts were stopped on U.S. territory, five were intercepted by the U.S. Navy, four by the Spanish Navy, two were destroyed, one was repulsed in port by a storm, and the fate of another is unknown. [66] On April 11, 1898, McKinley petitioned Congress for authorization to send U.S. forces to Cuba to end the civil war.

19. In April, Congress passed joint resolutions (by 311 votes to 6 in the House of Representatives and 42 to 35 in the Senate) supporting Cuban independence and rejecting any intention to annex Cuba, calling for Spain`s withdrawal and authorizing the president to use as much military force as he deemed necessary to help Cuban patriots gain independence from Spain. This was passed by a congressional resolution and incorporated by Senator Henry Teller in the Teller Amendment, which passed unanimously and states that «the island of Cuba is free and independent and should be so by law.» [88] The amendment rejected any intention by the United States to exercise jurisdiction or control over Cuba for reasons other than pacification, and confirmed that the armed forces would be withdrawn after the end of the war. The Senate and Congress passed the amendment on September 19. McKinley signed the joint resolution on 20 April and the ultimatum was transmitted to Spain. War was declared on 20 and 21 April 1898. The Military Production Support Units or UMAP (Unidades Militares para la Ayuda de Producción) – actually concentration camps for forced labor – were created in 1965 to eliminate the so-called «bourgeois» and «counter-revolutionary» values of the Cuban population. In July 1968, the name «MAP» was dropped and the documents relating to the UMAP were destroyed.